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The importance of indirect hotspots when prioritizing research in green chemical synthesis
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01085C, Perspective
Open Access 
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Philip G. Jessop, Alex R. MacDonaldAn indirect hotspot is a process step that may cause little harm on its own but has a strong influence on a very harmful tstep (the direct hotspot) and thereby the total harm of the process.
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Photoinduced tunable fluoroalkylation or sulfonylation/cyclization of methindolylstyrenes via electron donor–acceptor complexes
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01102G, CommunicationMin Wang, Yu-Rui Jian, Xin-Yu Fu, Wei Xiang, Xiao Zha, Hong-Yu Zheng, Bao-Dong Cui, Yun Zhang, Xue-Qing Mou, Yong-Zheng Chen
A photoinduced, tunable fluoroalkylation- or sulfonylation/cyclization of β-4′-methindolylstyrene to access 4-sulfonyl-, 4-fluoroalkyl- or 2-fluoroalkyl-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]-indoles via EDA complexes is described.
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Precise reduction of spent Li-ion battery cathodes and a new phase transition mechanism via self-generated H2 to achieve dual recycling of resources and energy
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01244A, PaperXue Bai, Yanzhi Sun, Jiahong Xie, Huayi Yin, Rui He, Zhenfa Liu, Xifei Li, Junqing Pan
The gradient reduction of spent cathode driven by self-generated H2 is proposed for efficient Li extraction with a recovery rate (99.3%). This strategy displays green and energy-saving prospects for recycling spent Li-ion batteries.
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Dynamic covalent design of keratin sizes for sustainable and smart yarn coating
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00129C, PaperJing Meng, Ruiyan Ni, Ziyu Zhou, Jiawen Zhang, Narendra Reddy, Xiaohui Mao, Wenfeng Hu, Xiaoyun Xu, Xian Li, Jinlian Hu, Yi Zhao
Rapidly responsive dynamic disulfide switches were constructed at the size–yarn interface and sizing film, establishing a green and smart keratin-based sizing/desizing system.
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Photoelectrochemical-induced heterogeneous catalytic selective dehalogenation coupling of alkyl halides with thiophenols via interfacial charge transfer
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00990A, PaperLulu Zhao, Jianjing Yang, Kelu Yan, Xingda Cheng, Zongzhao Sun, Jiangwei Wen
We present a green and energy-efficient photoelectrochemical strategy for selective dehalogenation coupling of alkyl halides with thiophenols via interfacial charge transfer, employing a recyclable PHI/In2S3 heterojunction photocatalyst.
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Copper-catalysed radical amino-oxygenation of alkenes for the exclusive synthesis of 5-substituted 2-oxazolidinones
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00917K, PaperXuan Zhou, Xi Hu, Yi Chen, Hongxing Zhu, Muyang Yang, Guo-Jun Deng, Wen Shao
Copper-catalysed amino-oxygenation of alkenes was developed under exogenous ligand- and base-free conditions for the exclusive synthesis of 5-substituted 2-oxazolidinones.
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Fe2+/Fe3+-Mediated synergistic electrochemical leaching of spent lithium-ion batteries under low voltage: a green chemistry approach
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00852B, PaperKenan Zhong, Mengjia Kang, Zhuo Ye, Bicheng Meng, Xueyang Hou, Zhongliang Tian, Kai Yang, Qingjuan Wang, Zhao Fang
To lower the costs and environmental impact of hydrometallurgy leaching while improving safety, electrochemical leaching of spent lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathodes has gained attention.
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Integrated technoeconomic and environmental assessment of biogenic polyurethane production
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00423C, Paper
Open Access 
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Alberto Almena, Domenico Pirone, Susana Fernández-Prieto, Alberto Martínez, Mariano MartinAn integrated technoeconomic and life-cycle assessment revealed that maximising the biogenic carbon content in polyurethane synthesis based on the isocyanate intermediate route enhances economic performance without reducing the global warming impact.
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A facile phase transformation-mediated mechanochemical assembly strategy facilitates the scale-up synthesis of enzyme@MOF biocomposites
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01222H, PaperQing Chen, Lihong Guo, Xiaoxue Kou, Rui Gao, Ningyi Zhong, Anlian Huang, Rongwei He, Siming Huang, Fang Zhu, Guosheng Chen, Gangfeng Ouyang
This study introduces a phase transformation-mediated mechanochemical encapsulation (PTME) strategy, enabling green and rapid (1 minute) incorporation of enzymes within a 2D quasi-mesoporous MOF.
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Regulating the hydrophobic microenvironment of SnS2 to facilitate the interfacial CO2/H2O ratio towards pH-universal electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00635J, PaperZhiwei Dong, Yaling Jia, Zeyu Wang, Antony Rajendran, Wen-Ying Li
A hydrophobic microenvironment near SnS2 was constructed using polyvinylidene fluoride modification, which could increase the CO2 concentration around SnS2 surface. This strategy could enhance catalytic performance of SnS2 across a wide pH range.
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Multi-scale computational screening and mechanistic insights of cyclic amines as solvents for improved lignocellulosic biomass processing
DOI: 10.1039/D4GC05891G, PaperNikhil Kumar, Brian R. Taylor, Vallari Chourasia, Alberto Rodriguez, John M. Gladden, Blake A. Simmons, Hemant Choudhary, Kenneth L. Sale
A computational screening workflow for the efficient deconstruction of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose fractions of lignocellulosic biomass using cyclic amines as solvents.
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Electrolytic upcycling of PET waste plastics for energy-efficient hydrogen evolution
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00355E, PaperGuohao Xu, Zhaopeng Sun, Kai He, Xinyue He, Kai Liu, Jichang Liu, Bingjie Zhou, Yulin Deng, Wei Liu
We achieved the conversion of waste PET into TPA and hydrogen energy under mildly acidic conditions (100 °C; acid concentration <2.5 mol L−1).
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Electrochemically assisted deprotection of acetals, ketals, and dithioacetals under neutral conditions
DOI: 10.1039/D4GC06348A, PaperYuka Abe, Tsuyoshi Yamada, Takuhei Yamamoto, Yukihiro Esaka, Takashi Ikawa, Hironao Sajiki
A novel electrochemical deprotection method for acetals, ketals and dithioacetals was developed, yielding carbonyl compounds. LiClO4 acts as both an electrolyte and oxygen source, while 1,3,5-trioxane enhances reaction efficiency as a Li activator.
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Cosa sappiamo delle nano-plastiche
Luigi Campanella
I prodotti plastici apprezzati per i loro bassi costi e per la loro durevolezza sono divenuti indispensabili nella società moderna. L’uso pervasivo della plastica ha però prodotto una grave crisi ambientale con una previsione di arrivare a 800 milioni di tonnellate consumati nel 2050. La degradazione degli scarti e rifiuti plastici attraverso processi chimici, fisici e biologici genera micro e nano plastiche che minacciano ecosistema e salute dei suoi abitanti. Le microplastiche sono state ritrovate nell’ambiente marino, nelle acque superficiali, perfino in regioni remote, come quelle artiche. Allarmanti recenti studi hanno riportato evidenze di nano-plastiche in tessuti umani, inclusa la placenta il fegato, i reni, il sangue evidenziando i relativi effetti tossici.
I rischi ambientali ed igienico sanitari posti dalle microplastiche sono divenuti un problema di assoluta primaria importanza. Le microplastiche attaccano l’ecosistema marino alterando fonti alimentari e cicli biogeochimici e l’ingestione di microplastiche da parte degli organismi marini porta al loro bioaccumulo.
Da un punto di vista della salute umana le nano-plastiche penetrano nelle cellule attraverso meccanismi come la endocitosi, la fagocitosi, la diffusione passiva inducendo lo stress ossidativo, cioè quello stato patologico derivato da un eccesso di radicali liberi nell’organismo non contrastato dalle difese endogene antiossidanti con conseguenti danni a RNA, DNA, proteine, grassi, da correlare a patologie anche gravi come i tumori, i disordini neurologici, l’invecchiamento precoce.
Ad oggi i meccanismi con cui si passa dallo stress ossidativo a queste patologie non é però noto soprattutto a lunga scadenza ed in condizioni di interazioni multisistemiche. I recenti progressi nell’analisi bibliometrica forniscono preziosi strumenti per sintetizzare i risultati delle ricerche sul tema ed identificare i gap culturali da coprire in certi settori. Mappando sistematicamente i risultati delle ricerche su micro e nano-plastiche si può così collegare quanto manca in termini di conoscenza con quanto invece si conosce, seguendo la progressiva copertura del gap.
Cosa sappiamo sulle nano-plastiche e il loro effetto sull’uomo e sull’ambiente? La recente pubblicazione della serie “Future Brief”, numero 27, promossa dalla DG Ambiente della Commissione europea, prova a fare il punto sullo stato della ricerca e delle conoscenze in materia di nanoparticelle plastiche, quale crescente preoccupazione per l’ambiente e per l’uomo. Per tirare in estrema sintesi le somme, il report Nanoplastics: state of knowledge and environmental and human health impacts risponde alla domanda come segue: conosciamo così poco le nano-plastiche da non poterne prevedere una regolamentazione specifica, ma ne sappiamo abbastanza da poter provare che esistono e che l’uomo le sta ingerendo e inalando a concentrazioni incalcolabili.
E non è una buona notizia.
Riferimenti
La conclusione del documento UE:
Dalla ricerca qui presentata emerge chiaramente che l’intero ciclo di vita della plastica – dalla “culla” alla “tomba” – non è completo quando non possiamo più vedere la plastica: la plastica continua ad avere effetti ambientali ben oltre il momento in cui diventa invisibile. Il mancato controllo di questi inquinanti invisibili, che già permeano l’ambiente terrestre, atmosferico, acquatico e biologico, contribuisce a un pericolo crescente, di cui potremmo comprendere appieno le proporzioni solo quando sarà troppo tardi.
Production of high-carbon-number hydrocarbon bio-aviation fuels via catalytic hydrogenation of vanillin and non-catalytic condensation: a mechanistic study with DFT and experimental insights
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00281H, Paper
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Jina Eun, Jeonghun Kim, Han Byeol Kim, Do Heui Kim, Jae-Wook Choi, Kwang Ho Kim, Chun-Jae Yoo, Seongmin Jin, Kyeongsu Kim, Hyunjoo Lee, Chang Soo Kim, Kwan-Young Lee, Jong Suk Yoo, Seo-Jung Han, Keunhong Jeong, Jeong-Myeong HaLignocellulose or lignin present significant potential as sustainable feedstocks to replace petroleum-derived resources through catalytic upgrading.
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Sustainable chemo-enzymatic NADP(H) synthesis from biomass-derived xylose, polyphosphate, and nicotinamide
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00983A, PaperKai-Cheng Wang, Shota Nishikawa, Wan-Wen Ting, Xue-Hong Luo, Takumi Takahashi, Tony Z. Jia, Min-Hsuan Huang, Kosuke Fujishima, I-Son Ng, Po-Hsiang Wang
Chemo-enzymatic NAD(P)H synthetic strategy from biomass-derived crude xylose and nicotinamide.
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Integrated design of multifunctional reinforced bioplastics (MReB) to synergistically enhance strength, degradability, and functionality
DOI: 10.1039/D4GC02440K, Paper
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Jinghao Li, Wei Liu, Alex Chang, Zachariah Foudeh, Jiali Yu, Peiran Wei, Kainan Chen, Cheng Hu, Dhatt Puneet, Susie Y. Dai, Joshua S. YuanBioplastics have emerged as a tangible solution to the plastic waste crisis.
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Synergistic nanoalloy PdCu/TiO2 catalyst for in situ hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural at room temperature
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00006H, PaperChand Adarsh Ashwani, Palanivel Subha, Lavanya Yalagandula, Christophe Len, Satyapaul A. Singh, Putla Sudarsanam
The PdCu nanoalloy supported on TiO2 nanorods effectively catalyzed the in situ hydrogenation of furfural at room temperature, showcasing efficient catalyst reusability and reaction scalability without requiring high-pressure conditions.
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Ambient and green processing of lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 films
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00722D, Paper
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Qian Chen, Abhinav K. Singh, Hissah Alghathami, Xuzhao Liu, Kun Huang, Andrew G. Thomas, Richard J. Curry, Laurie J. Phillips, Amanda J. HughesA green and simple method for processing high-quality lead-free perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 films under ambient conditions for future optoelectronic applications.
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Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES): green solvents for pharmaceutical applications and beyond
DOI: 10.1039/D4GC06386D, Critical Review
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Emma Chevé-Kools, Young Hae Choi, Catherine Roullier, Gwenaël Ruprich-Robert, Raphaël Grougnet, Florence Chapeland-Leclerc, Frank HollmannThis review first provides a comprehensive overview of NaDES theory and subsequently explores all potential applications of NaDES in the pharmaceutical industry, highlighting overlooked issues such as toxicity and process limitations.
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